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Front-end Interview Questions
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1.
What is HTML?
2.
What are semantic HTML elements?
3.
What’s the difference between <div> and <section>?
4.
How do you create a link in HTML?
5.
What is the role of the alt attribute in an image tag?
6.
What is CSS?
7.
Difference between id and class in CSS?
8.
What is the Box Model in CSS?
9.
What is Flexbox and why is it useful?
10.
How do you make a website responsive?
11.
What is JavaScript?
12.
What are variables in JavaScript?
13.
What is the difference between == and ===?
14.
What are arrays in JavaScript?
15.
What is a function in JavaScript?
16.
What are arrow functions?
17.
What is DOM manipulation?
18.
What is event handling in JavaScript?
19.
What is the difference between var, let, and const?
20.
What is an object in JavaScript?
21.
What is Git?
22.
What is GitHub?
23.
What does git clone do?
24.
What is the difference between git pull and git fetch?
25.
What is a pull request?
26.
What is React?
27.
What are components in React?
28.
What is JSX?
29.
What is a state in React?
30.
What are props in React?
31.
What is a hook in React?
32.
What does useEffect do?
33.
What is conditional rendering?
34.
How do you handle forms in React?
35.
What is a key prop and why is it important in lists?
36.
What is Tailwind CSS?
37.
How do you install Tailwind in a project?
38.
What is the benefit of using Tailwind over traditional CSS?
39.
What is the @apply directive in Tailwind?
40.
How do you customize Tailwind’s design system?
41.
What is an API?
42.
How do you fetch data in JavaScript?
43.
What is JSON?
44.
What is asynchronous programming?
45.
What is a promise in JavaScript?
46.
What is a browser DevTool?
47.
What is Lighthouse in Chrome DevTools?
48.
What is lazy loading?
49.
What is code splitting in React?
50.
What is the difference between development and production builds?
51.
What is the difference between == and === in JavaScript?
52.
How does the browser rendering process work?
53.
What are closures in JavaScript?
54.
What is the event loop in JavaScript?
55.
Difference between call, apply, and bind?
56.
What are controlled and uncontrolled components in React?
57.
What is prop drilling and how do you avoid it?
58.
How does useEffect work in React?
59.
What is virtual DOM and how does it improve performance?
60.
What are higher-order components (HOC) in React?
61.
Explain the CSS Box Model.
62.
How do Flexbox and Grid differ?
63.
What are media queries and how are they used?
64.
How does debouncing work and where is it useful?
65.
What is lazy loading in React?
66.
What is the difference between localStorage, sessionStorage, and cookies?
67.
What are web accessibility (a11y) practices you follow?
68.
What’s the difference between REST and GraphQL?
69.
What are service workers and how do they work in PWAs?
70.
What is the purpose of the key prop in React lists?
71.
How do you manage global state in a React app?
72.
What is CORS and how do you fix it?
73.
What are semantic tags in HTML?
74.
How do you ensure mobile responsiveness?
75.
What is tree shaking in JavaScript?
76.
What are the differences between null and undefined in JavaScript?
77.
What is hoisting in JavaScript?
78.
How do you handle errors in async/await functions?
79.
What is the purpose of useMemo and useCallback in React?
80.
What is cross-site scripting (XSS) and how can you prevent it?
81.
How do you handle environment variables in React?
82.
What is the difference between imperative and declarative programming in React?
83.
How does hydration work in SSR with React?
84.
What is CSS specificity and how does it work?
85.
What is the difference between useEffect and useLayoutEffect?
86.
How do you optimize a React app for performance?
87.
What is the difference between SSR, CSR, and SSG?
88.
What are fragments in React and why use them?
89.
How does position: absolute work in CSS?
90.
What are some best practices for writing clean and maintainable code?
91.
What are portals in React?
92.
What is code splitting and how does it help?
93.
What’s the difference between inline, block, and inline-block in CSS?
94.
What is the difference between useRef and createRef in React?
95.
What is the role of webpack in a frontend project?
96.
What are synthetic events in React?
97.
What are React keys and why are they important in lists?
98.
What is the difference between Object.freeze and const?
99.
How do you implement dark mode in a React app?
100.
How do you handle component communication in React?
101.
What is React Fiber and why does it matter?
102.
How is performance optimization handled in large React applications?
103.
How would a scalable frontend architecture be designed for a large team?
104.
Explain concurrency in React.
105.
What tools are used to monitor frontend performance in production?
106.
How is security handled on the frontend?
107.
How are deeply nested props and prop drilling managed?
108.
What are some anti-patterns observed in frontend codebases?
109.
How is versioning and backward compatibility maintained for shared components?
110.
How is a design system structured and documented?
111.
What is the process for debugging complex frontend bugs?
112.
How is accessibility (a11y) ensured in projects?
113.
How is frontend code tested at scale?
114.
How are feature flags and staged rollouts handled in the frontend?
115.
How would a monolithic frontend be broken down into micro frontends?
116.
What is the approach to maintaining CSS at scale?
117.
How are layout shifts (CLS) prevented and fixed in the UI?
118.
How is state managed in large React applications?
119.
How is SSR implemented in modern frontend frameworks?
120.
How is SEO handled in Single Page Applications (SPAs)?
121.
How is internationalization (i18n) ensured in frontend projects?
122.
What is the approach to code splitting?
123.
How is cross-browser compatibility handled today?
124.
How is code quality ensured in large teams?
125.
How are service workers used in apps?
126.
How are forms and validation managed in complex apps?
127.
How are component libraries designed and maintained?
128.
How are regressions prevented during refactoring?
129.
What is the approach to authentication on the frontend?
130.
How is collaboration with designers and backend engineers managed?
131.
How is CSS managed in large-scale applications?
132.
What experience is there with micro frontends?
133.
How are feature flags handled in frontend apps?
134.
How are third-party script performance issues managed?
135.
How is a frontend project structured for scalability?
136.
Describe the process for setting up a design system.
137.
How are authentication flows handled in SPAs?
138.
How is security ensured in frontend code?
139.
How is multi-language (i18n) support handled?
140.
What is the approach to component testing vs integration testing?
141.
What experience exists with Web Workers?
142.
How are real-time data updates handled in the frontend?
143.
How are layout and styling issues debugged efficiently?
144.
Describe a situation where legacy frontend code was refactored.
145.
What are the thoughts on monorepos in frontend?
146.
How is inconsistent browser behavior dealt with?
147.
What is the approach to documentation in frontend codebases?
148.
How are frontend errors tracked and analyzed in production?
149.
How are environment variables managed securely in frontend apps?
150.
When are Web Components chosen over React or Vue?